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FOCUS: More Alitalia Politics: Old Habits Die Hard
Thursday February 26, 5.58 am ET
By Luca di Leo, Of DOW JONES NEWSWIRES
ROME -(Dow Jones)- Since its creation in 1946, Italian flagship airline Alitalia SpA has constantly been hampered by state meddling.
Airline analysts don't expect Feb. 26, 2004 to be any different. As with many of Alitalia's decisions over the last 50 years, politics will again be to the fore later Thursday when Alitalia's Chief Executive Francesco Mengozzi is expected to quit at a board meeting in Rome.
Critics argue Mengozzi's the victim of the government's reluctance to take the pain of inevitable job cuts at Alitalia. The 62%-state-owned airline hasn't made an operating profit since 1998. Mengozzi said it loses EUR50,000 an hour. He's trying to slash jobs to get costs down and get the airline back in the black in 2005.
The incentive for such drastic surgery? A place for Alitalia in an alliance formed by Air France Group's merger with KLM Royal Dutch Airlines. This pact would give Alitalia more financial clout, lower costs, and give it greater reach on long-haul routes. But Air France and KLM have laid down a key condition to Alitalia: Simply, clean yourself up first.
"Mengozzi is being used as a scapegoat because the government doesn't have the guts to take the tough decisions which are badly needed at Alitalia," said a senior politician belonging to Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi's coalition government, on condition of anonymity.
Mengozzi wants to shed 2,700 of Alitalia's 21,300 staff - 1,500 through layoffs and 1,200 by outsourcing jobs. That's 12% of the workforce. Compare this with other airlines which have slashed costs in the last three years to cope with the global travel slump which has threatened their balance sheets. According to Alitalia, Delta Air Lines (DNT) is cutting 21% of its staff. British Airways PLC (NYSE:BAB - News) said it has cut almost 22% of its workforce in the last two years.
By slashing costs, Mengozzi hoped to return Alitalia to profit in 2005. The company expects an operating loss of at least EUR400 million in 2003. Its operating loss in 2002 was EUR233 million. It has had an operating profit only once in the past 11 years... in 1998.
"Alitalia is heading towards bankruptcy. If no action is taken, in one and a half years the company will have eaten up all of its capital," said Lucio Cannamela, analyst at Abaxbank in Milan. The airline's capital was around EUR1.35 billion in 2003.
But the government is wary of going ahead with the job cuts ahead of key local and European elections in June.
Since Alitalia announced the cuts, its employees have staged three strikes, causing hundreds of flights to be canceled. They plan another one March 5.
Mengozzi has also repeatedly stressed the need to privatize Alitalia, a condition which Air France Chief Executive Jean-Cyril Spinetta said was necessary for the Italian carrier to join it and KLM in an alliance that would create Europe's largest airline.
In September, Berlusconi pledged swift progress on Alitalia's privatization to his French counterpart, Prime Minister Jean-Pierre Raffarin.
But Wednesday, he backtracked.
Berlusconi said there were no immediate plans to privatize and that the government was only considering selling minority stakes in the company.
Without the job cuts and privatization, Alitalia stands little chance of joining Air France and KLM, analysts say. They warn that stronger alliances are vital for Alitalia in today's consolidating airline market, which has been severely hit by the terrorist attacks and the effect on travel of the deadly SARS virus.
"The problem with Alitalia is that every minister wants to have their say and that no decision ends up being taken in the end," said a government official.
Berlusconi's four-party coalition is at odds on what to do about Alitalia.
One perennial debate has been the location of Italy's main hub. The Northern League wants it to be in the airport of Malpensa in Milan - the federalist party's political heartland. But the right-wing National Alliance party favors Rome's Fiumicino airport.
Four years ago, the same issues prevented Alitalia's linkup with KLM.
KLM pulled the plug in April 2000 on its planned tie-up with Alitalia because of uncertainty over the controversial Malpensa airport and the carrier's stalled privatization.
This time round, analysts warn, it really can't afford to miss an alliance.
Tough competition from low cost airlines means Alitalia must revert to long- haul routes. And Alitalia only has 27 long-haul planes, while KLM has 70 and Air France 110.
At the Alitalia board meeting, due to start at 1430 GMT, Mengozzi is expected to hand over his powers to Marco Zanichelli, the general director of the carrier.
Following that, Berlusconi said the government would present its own relaunch plan at a cabinet meeting Friday.
To appease unions, Berlusconi suggested Wednesday he would only go ahead with temporary layoffs for 1,500 employees. Overall, it's likely to be a much watered-down version of Mengozzi's plan which analysts say may not be enough to make Alitalia fit to join KLM and Air France.
-By Luca Di Leo, Dow Jones Newswires; +39 06 6782543; luca.dileo@dowjones.com




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