Rice denies U.S. alters stance on Ukraine and Georgia's NATO membership
By Brian Knowlton and Judy Dempsey
Wednesday, November 26, 2008
WASHINGTON: As some Europeans decried an apparent change in U.S. policy, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice denied Wednesday that the United States had altered its position - or was proposing any acceleration of planning - on the agreement reached in April on eventual NATO membership for Ukraine and Georgia.
"Georgia and Ukraine are not ready for membership," Rice said. "That is very clear." She emphasized that the U.S. focus was simply that the two, eventually, join the alliance.
Rice reportedly had held conversations with French, German and other envoys, asking them to discard the Membership Action Plan, diplomats had said.
Her request to bypass the Membership Action Plan, known as MAP, took place a week before NATO foreign ministers meet in Brussels in what is probably one of Rice's last international gatherings.
Her comments Wednesday seemed aimed at calming furious reaction to what some Europeans interpreted as a surprising U.S. effort - at the end of the Bush administration - to speed membership for the two countries despite opposition by France, Germany, Spain, Italy and others.
A senior NATO diplomat from Central Europe said Wednesday that Rice's proposals were sensible and amounted to a good compromise - keeping alive Georgia and Ukraine's hopes, but not moving the two ahead on the normal membership path.
Russia fiercely opposes membership for the two, even under the complex Membership Action Plan that is the usual path to joining the military alliance. MAP is demanding, requiring reform of the armed forces, separation of civilian and military powers, and other changes.
But Rice, speaking at the outset of a State Department news conference, played down the MAP approach. She noted that Poland and the Czech Republic had not been required to follow it and she spoke of "different ways to fulfill the terms of the Bucharest declaration" reached in April. One way, Rice said, would be through the special Georgia-NATO and Ukraine-NATO commissions.
"Intensifying our contacts within them, is, we believe, a good alternative," she said, "and will send a very strong signal that while these countries are not ready for membership and still have many, many standards that they would have to meet, that we will remain true to the Bucharest declaration, that they will at some point in the future be members of NATO."
The commissions were established to help aspirant countries forge closer ties with the 26-member alliance and not, NATO officials said, to replace the Membership Action Plan.
Poland, the Baltic states and most of the East European countries are expected to support Rice in Brussels because they fear Russia and want to extend NATO protection, a U.S. official said.
Rice emphasized that the Bucharest declaration said that Georgia and Ukraine would become members. She then added, "It does not anticipate or suggest that there would be lower standards for entry into NATO. It does not suggest that there needs to be an accelerated timetable. It is the same open-door policy that we've had about meeting standards." She did not say clearly why, if there is to be no lowering of standards or speeding of membership, it might be necessary to move away from MAP.
NATO officials in Brussels said they understood that Rice was under strict instructions from the White House to bypass MAP. That, in their eyes, ran counter to the compromise made after much haggling in Bucharest.
There, several allies blocked a U.S. push to allow Georgia and Ukraine to begin working through the Membership Action Plan. But after intense discussions, U.S. delegates persuaded the more skeptical countries - in return for deferring the MAP question to next month - to accept that Georgia and Ukraine would eventually join NATO.
France, Germany and other countries see the U.S. pressure as needlessly provocative toward Moscow. In any case, they find the U.S. effort puzzling, noting that NATO decisions require consensus - which is elusive here.
"Her ideas cannot fly," said Karl-Heinz Kamp, director of research at NATO's defense college in Rome. "Does the outgoing U.S administration really think that down the road there is a readiness by the allies to meet their security commitments, for example in Georgia - or indeed if it is legal for NATO to have troops permanently based in Georgia, let alone in Eastern Europe?"
Judy Dempsey reported from Berlin.