europid races

[Felix (POL)]

Description of Europid Races

RENATO BIASUTTI, Le Razze e i popoli della terra, 1954, vol. 1, pp. 409-410
Translated by Dienekes Pontikos *

http://www.geocities.com/dienekesp4/europids/

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1. Mediterranean

Skin color "matte"-white or brunet-white, chestnust or dark chestnut eyes and hair, not excessive pilosity; medium-low stature (162), body of moderately longilinear forms; dolichomorphic skull (78) with rounded occiput; oval face; leptorrhine nose (68) with straight spine, horizontal or inclined downwards base of the septum; large open eyes. (Italians from Lazio, LIVI and others).

Fossil Form: S. Teodoro.
Subraces: Berber, Paleosardinian, Littoral.

Examples: Mediterranean (Italian, photo LUCE), Berber (Libya, photo CIPRIANI), Paleosardinian (Italian, photo CIPRIANI), Littoral (Swiss, after SCHLAGINHAUFEN)





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2. Nordic (North European)

Maximum depigmentation; rosy-white skin, blond hair (from ash-white to blond chestnut), light blue or grey iris; rather abundant pilosity; elevated stature (173), longilinear body; dolichomorphic skull (75), with wide and somewhat retreating forehead, low vault, prominent occiput; high and narrow face, well-profiled nose with compressed nostrils (<60), straight spine, often aquiline, base of the septum often inclined upwards; deep eye not very open; hyperorthognathous mouth with thin lips. (Swedes from Dalarna, LUNDMAN).

Fossil Form: Stangenäs.
Subraces: Dalic, Finnic, Irish

Examples: Nordic (Swede, after LUNDMAN), Dalic (German, after CLAUSS), Finnic (Mordvin, after V. EICKSTEDT), Irish (Irish, after COON)





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3. Iranian (Oriental)

Brunet-white color, very dark hair and eyes, abbundant pilosity; medium stature (165), slim body; very long (74) and high head with prominent occiput; long face; large and high nose with root at the level of the forehead, straight or convex spine, strongly curved nostrils (64); full lips, robust chin. (Persians of Yezd, FIELD).

Subraces: Assyroid, Libyan.

Examples: Iranian (Iraqi, after FIELD), Assyroid (Yemenite Jew, N.R.A.), Libyan (Libyan, photo PUCCIONI)





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4. Indian

Somewhat intense brown color, dark hair and eyes, strong pilosity; high stature (172), slim body; accentuated dolichocephaly (74); nose with salient spine, with a clear sub-glabellar depression, leptorrhine (65); full lips, short chin. (Sikhs of the Punjab, E. V. EICKSTEDT)

Subrace: Peninsular Indian.

Examples: Indian (Balti from Pakistan), Peninsular Indian (Indian from Maharastra, photo INDIAN MUSEUM)





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5. Alpine

Opaque-white skin color, chestnust hair and eyes; medium stature (164), stocky body build with short neck, broad pelvis and shoulders, somewhat short limbs; wide skull (87) rather low, with rounded occiput; wide roundish face, short nose with straight or concave profile, somewhat large nostrils (70). (French from the Pyrenees, COLLIGNON).

Prehistoric Form: Hasthyère.
Subraces: Georgian.

Examples: Alpine (Swiss, after SCHLAGINHAUFEN), Georgian (Svan, SOYUZPHOTO)





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6. Baltic (East Baltic)

Ivory-white skin, straight fine hair, from chestnut to blond, predominantly light eyes; medium stature (165), sturdy body build; rather short skull (82) and high; short nose with concave spine and elevated tip, slightly dilated nostrils (66), wide angular face, pronounced cheeks, wide chin. (Ukrainians from Volhynia, H. PÖCH).

Subraces: Preslavic, Carpathian.

Examples: Baltic (Ukrainian from Volhynia, after PÖCH), Carpathian (Ukrainian from Volhynia, after PÖCH)





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7. Adriatic (Dinaric)

Brunet-white skin, straight hair, chestnut or dark chestnut, sometimes lighter eyes; high stature (174), robust body build with long legs, but high transverse diameters of the trunk; short skull (85) and quite high, with flattened occiput; large nose, leptorrhine (62) with straight or convex spine; long face, more often wide and rounded in women; deep chin. (Croatians, BIASUTTI and others).

Prehistoric Form: Borreby.
Subraces: Padanian, Noric.

Examples: Adriatic (Serb, after ROLLEDER), Padanian (Italian, after FRASETTO), Noric (Croat, after MALES)





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8. Pamirian (Anatolico-Pamirian)

Opaque-white skin, brunet hair and eyes, abbundant pilosity; medium stature (166), sturdy body build; wide head with rounded occiput (87); very long face, straight and narrow nose (57) with high bridge; thin lips, narrow eye opening. (Wakhi of the Pamirs, STEIN-JOYCE).

Subraces: Armenoid.

Examples: Pamirian (Turk, after VON LUSCHAN, Armenoid (Lebanese Arab, after VON LUSCHAN)





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* Type examples appear separately from the text in BIASUTTI and are classified as belonging to the respective racial types by him. Exceptions to these are the Dalic type, taken from L. F. CLAUSS, Rasse und Seele, classified by him as Fälisch, and the Finnic type, taken from E. V EICKSTEDT, Rassenkunde und Rassengeschichte der Menschheit. These correspond to the types described by BIASUTTI who does not, however, give photo examples in his work. All other pictures are reproduced from BIASUTTI with their original source given in parentheses.

[Felix (POL)]

[Felix (POL)]

http://freewebhosting.hostdepartment.../subraces.html


CAUCASOID SUBRACES
The Caucasian race is native to Europe, West Asia and North Africa, but there exists a good deal of often regional variation among its components, resulting from both admixture and environmental adaptation. Below is the system of racial classification developed by Carleton S. Coon in his seminal work, The Races of Europe. It includes descriptions of distinctive types and examples of each from the book's accompanying Photographic Plates. Also included are periphery types reflecting Mongoloid and Negroid accretions.

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Brünn: Cro-Magnon, to some extent, found in solution with Borreby, Nordic, and other elements, mostly in Scandinavia and the British Isles, also in North Africa and the Canary Islands. May appear in comparatively pure form among individuals although nowhere as a total population.



Goteborg, Sweden



Borreby: Large-headed brachycephals of Ofnet-Afalou type, the unreduced brachycephalic strain in Cro-Magnon; found in solution in peripheral regions of northwestern Europe, and as a major population element in most of northern and central Germany, and in Belgium. Like the Brünn race, with which it is often associated, it occurs also in North Africa and the Canary Islands.



Jutland, Denmark


Alpine: A reduced and somewhat foetalized survivor of the Upper Palaeolithic population in Late Pleistocene France, highly brachycephalized; seems to represent in a large measure the bearer of the brachycephalic factor in Cro-Magnon. Close approximations to this type appear also in the Balkans and in the highlands of western and central Asia, suggesting that its ancestral prototype was widespread in Late Pleistocene times. In modern races it sometimes appears in a relatively pure form, sometimes as an element in mixed brachycephalic populations of multiple origin. It may have served in both Pleistocene and modern times as a bearer of the tendency toward brachycephalization into various population.



Pecas, Hungary


Ladogan: The descendants of the mesocephalic and brachycephalic forest-dwelling population of northern Europe east of the Baltic in Kammkeramik times. This type is a blend of a partly mongoloid brachycephalic element with a mesocephalic form of general Upper Palaeolithic aspect; these elements are seen in crania from Lake Ladoga and Salis Roje. Corded and/or Danubian elements are inextricably blended here, although the mongoloid and Upper Palaeolithic elements seem at present more important.




Northern Russia


East Baltic: Racial type of composite nature, found chiefly in northeastern Germany, Poland, the Baltic States, and Finland, although it also occurs sporadically in Sweden and elsewhere. It is a partially reduced Borreby derivative, with Ladogan and Nordic admixture.




Vilnius, Lithuania



Neo-Danubian: Central and eastern European blond or partially blond brachycephals who seem to be derived in a racial sense from a de-Corded Nordic (and hence Danubian) prototype brachycephalized by Ladogan admixture. This type is very prevalent among modern Slavs of Poland and Russia, and also among some eastern Germans and Austrians.




Minsk, Belarus


Lappish: A stunted, highly brachycephalized, largely brunet relative of the Ladogan, originally living to the east of the Ladogan type area, in the Urals and western Siberia. Has probably assimilated some evolved mongoloid, but owes its partly mongoloid appearance more to the retention of an early intermediate evolutionary condition. In modern times much mixed with Ladogan and Nordic.



Jiimtland, Arctic Scandinavia


Mediterranean: Short-statured, dolicho- and mesocephalic form found in Spain, Portugal, the western Mediterranean islands, and to some extent in North Africa, southern Italy, and other Mediterranean borderlands. Its purest present-day racial nucleus is without doubt Arabia. Most of the Cappadocian, isolated in the skeletal material, seems to have been absorbed into the western Mediterranean variety after its early Metal Age migration, while that which remained in Asia Minor became assimilated into the Dinaric and Armenoid. It still appears, however, among individuals in its original form, and is particularly common among Oriental Jews.



Yemen


Atlanto-Mediterranean: The tall, straight-nosed Mediterranean, not mesocephalic, as Deniker erroneously stated, but strongly dolichocephalic. Today this race forms the principal element in the population of North Africa, and is strong in Iraq, Palestine, parts of Arabia, and the eastern Balkans; in solution with varying degrees of negroid it is also the principal race in the whole of East Africa. In Europe it is a minority element in the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, and the British Isles.



Toulouse, France


East African: In the deserts and highlands of Ethiopia, Eritrea, and the Somalilands is found a concentration of several related Mediterranean types, mixed in varying degrees with negroes. To the west these partial whites border on Sudanese negroes; to the southwest the partially Hamitic tribes of Kenya and Uganda form art extension of the peripheral Mediterranean racial area. To the north, the Beja-Bisharin group of Hamitic-speaking nomads connect the East African Hamitic-speaking peoples with their wholly white Egyptian and Berber relatives of North Africa.



Somalia


Irano-Afghan: The long-faced, high-headed, hook-nosed type, usually of tall stature, which forms the principal element in the population of Iran, Afghanistan, and the Turkoman country, and which is also present in Palestine, parts of Arabia, and North Africa. It is probably related to the old Corded type of the Neolithic and Bronze Age.



Eastern Afghanistan


Nordic: The basic Nordic is the Corded-Danubian blend of the Aunjetitz and of the Early Iron Age in central Europe. This type includes some Bell Beaker Dinaric absorbed in early Metal Age times. Although Danubian and Corded types may appear as individuals, they may nowhere be isolated as populations.



Finland


Hallstatt: This is the type associated with the Hallstatt Iron Age remains in central Europe, and which probably did not enter Scandinavia much before the middle of the first millennium B.C. It has since been largely replaced in central Europe, but has found a refuge in Sweden and in the eastern valleys of southern Norway. In England this type is largely of Anglo-Saxon and Danish inspiration.



London, England


Keltic: The Keltic sub-type, mesocephalic and low-vaulted, with a prominent nose. Commonest in the British Isles where in places it forms the principal element in the population. Also a major element in Flanders and the Frankish country in southwestern Germany.



Aran Islands, Ireland


Tronder: A hybrid type of Nordic with Corded and Brünn elements, frequent in the central coastal provinces of Norway, north of the Dovre Mountains; the principal form in Iceland, and among the Frisians, and common in the British Isles.



Bergen, Norway


Dinaric: A tall, brachycephalic type of intermediate pigmentation, usually planoccipital, and showing the facial and nasal prominence of Near Eastern peoples. The basic population of the whole Dinaric-Alpine highlands from Switzerland to Epirus, also in the Carpathians and Caucasus, as well as Syria and Asia Minor. Apparently a brachycephalized blend in which Atlanto-Mediterranean and Cappadocian strains are important, with Alpine acting as the brachycephalizing agent in mixture. Borreby and Corded elements, also Nordic, appear to be involved in some regions.



Bukovina, Romania


Noric: A blond, planoccipital brachycephal frequently encountered in South Germany and elsewhere in central Europe. This is apparently an Iron Age Nordic brachycephalized by Dinaric mixture and seems in most respects to take the form of a blond Dinaric variant. Both Deniker and Czekanowski have recognized this type, and it is a standard race, under various names, in most Russian studies. The name Noric was gived it by Lebzelter. A brachycephalized Neo-Danubian, common in Yugoslavia, is a parallel or variant form.



Heidelberg, Germany


Armenoid: A similar brachycephalic composite type, with the same head form as the Dinaric, but a larger face and nose. The pigmentation is almost entirely brunet, the pilous development of beard and body abundant, the nose high rooted, convex, and the tip depressed, especially in advanced age. The difference between the Armenoid and the Dinaric is that here it is the Irano-Afghan race which furnishes the Mediterranean element, brachycephalized by Alpine mixture.



Van, Armenia


(Carleton S. Coon, The Races of Europe)

[Patto]

This blathering is not even worth a comment

[peekaboo]

Indeed, Patto! I guess we're likeminded

[Felix (POL)]

do you really like anthropology? then do this test and discover your racial profile:

http://www.dienekes.com/calc/

only for open-minded people, and strictly politically INcorrect

[Mitteleuropeo]

Felix, just for fur I read how to performe the test and I started laughing. I regard the contents of a skull as by far more important than its shape and measures.
On this topic I have participated in many discussions, but nobody has ever been able to convince me that racial chromosomes have anything to do with intelligence or behaviour. I am firmly convinced that there are intelligent and stupid people in every "race". Performance in life is mostly due to parental or familial genes, to physical factors, such as oxygen supply to the brain during pregnancy and to education.
My aunt has German parents, but was born and grown-up in the USA. She behaves exactly like any other McDonald eater and was never interested in learning German.
My neighbours, a couple in which the husband is originary from Trieste and the wife from Bari, spent all life in Peru. Now, especially he, thinks, speaks and behaves like a Peruan, even after having lived here for 3 years. The same applies to the rest of the family.

Take care!