Numerose ricerche hanno evidenziato in modo praticamente univoco come vi sia una correlazione significativa tra il quoziente d’intelligenza e l’incredulità: minore la religiosità, più alta l’intelligenza (o, quantomeno, i risultati nei test d’intelligenza). Una ricerca di cui dà notizia il sito Epiphenom ha confermato a sua volta la correlazione, ma ne avrebbe individuate almeno due altre ancora più significative: alti quozienti di intelligenza sarebbero inversamente proporzionali al settarismo, mentre il grado di religiosità sarebbe inversamente correlato all’abilità di utilizzare correttamente le informazioni a disposizione, in maniera ancora più significativa rispetto al quoziente d’intelligenza.
Epiphenom: The bright, the dim, and the in-between
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So how did the subjects do? Well, they studied a bunch of undergraduates, so they were a bit smarter than average and none of them were really dumb. Broadly speaking, they confirmed their suspicions: the bottom quartile was the most religious, the top quartile the least, and that there was not too much difference between the two middle quartiles.
In other words, what we have here is an outlier effect. It's the people on the fringes who are really driving the correlation between intelligence and non-religion.
The effect was strongest for sectarianism - by which they mean the belief that your particular religion is the only true religion. That's the one shown in the figure. But they got similar results for scriptural acceptance and religious questioning (the brightest quartile were least accepting of scriptural truth and the most willing to question beliefs). And they found the same sort of relationship between information processing ability.
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